এখানে আপনাদের সিলেবাসের 'Ode to the West Wind' কবিতাটা নিয়ে বিস্তারিত আলোচনা করা আছে। যার লাগবে নিয়ে নিয়েন।
[এগুলো আমি দ্বিতীয় বর্ষে থাকাকালীন লিখেছিলাম তাই সামান্য কিছু ভুল-ত্রুটি থাকতে পারে। কারো চোখে পড়লে বলবেন, সংশোধন করে দিয়ে দিবো; ধন্যবাদ। আর হচ্ছে, এক্সামে লেখার সময় এগুলোর সাথে Introduction, Conclusion অ্যাড করে দিবেন। এখানে জাস্ট মেইন পয়েন্টটুকু লেখা আছে।]
★★★ Ode to the West Wind ★★★
--- Percy Bysshe Shelley
★★ Summary:-
Ode to the West Wind is a beautiful poem written by romantic poet, Percy Bysshe Shelley. The poet shows the power of west wind in all spheres of the earth. In the first stanza, the poet describes the power of west wind into the lands. The west wind driven away the dead leaves and put the seeds under the dark wintry bed for growing. Here the poet says the west wind a destroyer and a preserver. The west wind destroys old leaves and preserves the seeds for growing.
In the second stanza, the poet describes the power of west wind into the heaven/sky. When west wind comes the whole sky is thrilled. Loose clouds are decaying into earth like the leaves. The poet metaphorically introduces the clouds as the angels of rain and lightening. The poet compares the upcoming storm with the Maenad. (Maenad is a mythological character. Who was the follower of the God of wine, Bacchus). All these seem to compose the mourning song for the dying year.
In the third stanza, the poet describes about the power of west wind under the sea. The west wind has a mighty power that he can woke up the blue Mediterranean sea from his summer dreams. When the west wind comes all the creatures under the sea are destroyed. Even the Atlantic level cleave itself. The voice of west wind is so high that it despoil everything under the sea.
In the fourth stanza, the poet wanted to be a dead leaf so that he can fly with the west wind. He wanted a few power of west wind. The poet said west wind as an uncontrollable. The poet compared his boyhood with the west wind. Then the poet requested the west wind so that the west wind can life him. The poet stuck down with the thorns of his life. He was bleeding. Time also chained him. So he requested to west wind to carry him.
In the last stanza, the poet requested the west wind to give him a lyre. He also requested to take his dead ideas and give a new ideas so that he can scatter the power of west wind among the unconscious people. In the last two lines the addressed the west wind that after a bad time a new happy time will come. He said in that way,
O Wind,
If winter comes,can spring be far behind?.
The poet says by those two lines that bad time is not permanent. Good and bad is the opposite of one another. So after a bad time a good time will must be come.
★★ Rhyme Scheme:-
Rhyme scheme is the ordered pattern of rhymes at the ends of the lines of a poem or verse. The rhyme scheme of the poem is aba bcb cdc ded.
"being"=a
"dead"=b
"fleeing"=a
"red"=b
"thou"=c
"bed"=b
"low"=c
"untill"=d
"blow"=c
"fill"=d
"air"=e
"hill"=d
"everywhere"=e
"hear"=e
The ode is written in a different form. It is written in the Italian verse form called terza rima, three-line rhyme scheme employed by Dante in his Divine Comedy. It consists of twelve iambic pentameter lines arranged in tercets, followed by a heroic couplet. The rhyme scheme of the poem (terza fima) is aba bcb cdc ded, and the couplet rhymes with the middle line of the last tercet. Each section consists of four tercets (ABA, BCB, CDC, DED) and a rhyming couplet (EE). It is a very complicated verse form indeed, but Shelley's adept handling of it gives the poem a successful closing.
★★Tone:-
Tone is a musical or vocal sound with reference to its pitch, quality, and strength.
The tone of the poem is optimistic. Because the poet optimizes for a new thing. The poet describes the activities of west wind in all spheres of the world.It is a destroyer and a preserver. The poet charmed by its power. Even by its mighty power the Mediterranean sea chasm himself into two divergences. Then the poet wants half of the power of west wind so that he can scatter his revolutionary ideas among the people. In the last two lines, we can find the full maturity of his optimistic ideas.
"O Wind,
If winter comes can spring be far behind?.
Here the poet shows his optimistic idea.
★★ Structure:-
The poem "Ode to the West Wind" consists of five sections written in terza rima. Each section consists of four tercets (ABA, BCB, CDC, DED) and a rhyming couplet (EE). The Ode is written in iambic pentameter. Shelley’s structure in this poem is one of his own invention. He uses Italian three-line rhyme scheme known as terza rima. Shelley's poem also reflects incomprehensible movement of the wind. He also uses alliteration, rhyme, and assonance, which compliments the poem's theme of regeneration or what might be better understood as the cycle of life.
★★ Theme:-
Theme is the central idea in a piece of writing. The whole body explains the theme.
The West Wind is depicted as an autumnal wind, preparing the world for winter. The poem is filled with images of death and decay, reminders of both natural and human mortality. The poet depicts the various activities of the west wind into the earth. He also depicts the power of west wind. The poet requested the west wind to give him half of his power so that he can scatter his revolutionary thoughts and can bring a new generation. The speaker hopes that the death of one world will be inevitably followed by a new rebirth and a new spring, but the poem leaves this rebirth uncertain.
★★ Authors Position:-
When an author writes to persuade, he/she will have his/her own position on the subject. The author's position is an author's opinion about the subject. It may be subjective or objective.
Subjective means where the writer can use his/her own feelings, emotion, and own choice.
Objective means where writer cann't use his/her own feelings,emotions and own choice.
The poem is a subjective one. Because the poet uses his own emotions, feelings. Finally, he wanted half of the power of west wind. Here, he uses the term of subjectivity that is an important feature of romantic poets. So, its a subjective poem.
★★ Figures of Speech:-
Figures of Speech means use of ornamental elements into a piece of writing.
1. Apostrophe:- It is a figure of speech in which the writer address to someone absent or something abstract as if the person or the thing is present there.
*"O wild West Wind, thou breath of Autumn's being".
Here, the poet addresses the west wind. So, it's an example of apostrophe.
2. Personification:- It is a figure of speech in which the writer puts imaginary life into a life being or thing.
"Destroyer and preserver; hear, oh, hear!"
Here, the poet personifies the west wind as a human being.
3. Alliteration:- Alliteration is the repetition of consonant sound.
"Beside a pumice isle in Baiae's bay,"
Here, 'B' is repeated one more time so its an example of alliteration.
4. Simile:- Simile is a indirect comparison between two far-faced things with the help of 'as' or 'like'.
"Are driven,like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing."
Here, the dead leaves are compared with ghosts. So, it's an example of simile.
***To err is human.
---- Written by Krishna Mandal