★★ Honours 1st Year ★★
এখানে আপনাদের সিলেবাসের বাইরের একটা কবিতা 'No Second Troy' নিয়ে বিস্তারিত আলোচনা করা আছে। যার লাগবে নিয়ে নিয়েন।
[এগুলো আমি দ্বিতীয় বর্ষে থাকাকালীন লিখেছিলাম তাই সামান্য কিছু ভুল-ত্রুটি থাকতে পারে। কারো চোখে পড়লে বলবেন, সংশোধন করে দিয়ে দিবো; ধন্যবাদ। আর হচ্ছে, এক্সামে লেখার সময় এগুলোর সাথে Introduction, Conclusion অ্যাড করে দিবেন। এখানে জাস্ট মেইন পয়েন্টটুকু লেখা আছে।]
★★★ No Second Troy ★★★
---- William Butler Yeats
★★ Summary:-
At first, the speaker wonders "why" he should blame "her" for his unhappiness and for her reckless manipulation. The poet asks himself that why these Irish commoners referred to as "ignorant man". Then he asks his second question. He asks how his addressee can lead a happy and peaceful life. She has a noble virtue that made her as bright as a fire. And she was a beautiful woman that is compared with "a tightened bow". In the last five lines the poet describes that civilization does not serve the purpose for eternal beauty. The sole reason of Ireland has not filled is it wasn’t burnt like Troy. The poem concludes with the question and the warning of an apocalyptic future that there doesn’t need "To second Troy" for destroy, she can destroy herself by the speaker's happiness. The speaker blames Maud Gonne for filling his life with unhappiness. We can only assume that the reason for his "misery" is that she rejected him again and again.
★★ Rhyme Scheme:-
Rhyme scheme is the ordered pattern of rhymes at the ends of the lines of a poem or verse. The rhyme scheme of the poem is abab cdcd efef.
"days"=a
"late"=b
"ways"=a
"great"=b
"desire"=c
"mind"=d
"fire"=c
"kind"=d
"this"=e
"stern"=f
"is"=e
"burn"=f
Here last word of the 1st line is "days" and last word of the 3rd line is "ways". Both words have same sound. So, we can mark it "a". Again, the last words of the 2nd, and 4th line's are "late", and "great". Both have same sound. So we can mark it "b". Further again the last words of the 5th and 7th line's are "desire", and "fire". They also have same sound. So, we can mark it "c". Then,the last words of the 6th and 8th line's are "mind" and "kind". Both of the words have same sound. So we can mark it "d". And then the last words of the 9th and 11th line's are "this" and "is". They also have a same sound.So we can mark it "e". And finally, the last words of the 10th and 12th line's are "stern", and " burn". So, we will mark it "f".
So, the rhyme scheme of the poem is abab cdcd efef.
★★ Tone:-
Tone is a musical or vocal sound with reference to its pitch, quality, and strength.
The speaker developing its tone form stanza to stanza. The tone at the first rhetorical question is one of anger and bitterness. Then the poet uses a conversational tone that is accentuated. However, as the poem develops, the tone turns into one of consolation with his self-realizations. At the end with an apocalyptic consideration, the tone becomes prophetic as the poet refers to both Helen of Troy and Maud of Ireland where a fire would be set ablaze by "ignorant' violent commoners. Thus, the poem moves from a personal bitterness to an impersonal philosophical tone.
★★ Structure:-
The poem consists of 12 lines with a rhyme scheme that is abab cdcd efef. It's a beautiful lyric poem of William Buttler Yeats. A lyric is a short subjective poem dealing with the personal feelings, thoughts and emotions. This is a song like poem. It is written in iambic pentameter verses.
★★ Theme:-
Theme is the central idea in a piece of writing. The whole body explains the theme.
The main theme of the poem is frustration and realization of truth about love. The fact that Maud Gonne did not love him like a lover but rather like a friend. He is forgiving her, although she did nothing, for being so beautiful that he could not fail to love her. The speaker begins the poem with some questions. He describes about a lady who rejected the speaker's love again and again. So, at last the speaker can realize the truth that the lady of such charming beauty and fiery mental spirit could not do anything. Beauty is decay-able. So, the speaker's beloved had done only what a beautiful and spirited lady could have done. He ends the poem with the expression of frustration.
★★ Authors Position:-
When an author writes to persuade, he/she will have his/her own position on the subject. The author's position is an author's opinion about the subject. It may be subjective or objective.
Subjective means where the writer can use his/her own feelings, emotion, and own choice.
Objective means where writer cann't use his/her own feelings, emotions and own choice.
It's a subjective poem because the poet expresses his personal suffering and accusation of overthrowing established order of British colonization. His beloved rejects him again and again. All the subjects are around himself. So, its a subjective poem.
★★ Figures of Speech:-
Figures of Speech means use of ornamental elements into a piece of writing.
1. Alliteration:- Alliteration is the repetition of consonant sound.
"Why, what could she have done, being what she is?"
Here 'w' is repeated one more time. So, it's an example of alliteration.
2. Metonymy:- The metonymy is a figure of speech in which something is referred to by a word which describes a quality for feature of the thing. It means a thing that is related with another thing.
"little streets" and "great streets" .
Here "little streets" is related with lower classes of people and "great streets" is related with aristocratic people.
3. Imagery:- Imagery means collection of some images.
"Or hurled the little streets upon the great."
4. Simile:- Simile is a indirect comparison between two far-faced things with the help of 'as' or 'like'.
"The nobleness made simple as a fire, With beauty like a tightened bow,a kind."
Here, the speaker's beauty and nobleness is compared with the fire.
***To err is human.
---- Written by Krishna Mandal